diff --git a/packages/chat/src/components/message.tsx b/packages/chat/src/components/message.tsx
index cbcd37e..a2b153c 100644
--- a/packages/chat/src/components/message.tsx
+++ b/packages/chat/src/components/message.tsx
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ import {
 import MessageContextMenu from "./messageContextMenu";
 import Media from "./media/media";
 import { useStorage } from "@tensamin/storage/context";
-import { useMTP } from "@tensamin/mtp";
+import { requireRelaySuccess, useMTP } from "@tensamin/mtp";
 import { getMessage, useChat } from "../context";
 import { decryptChatText, encryptChatText } from "@tensamin/crypto/chatSecret";
 import { log, toast } from "@tensamin/shared/log";
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ function MessageComponent({
   user: SelectedUser<readonly ["UserId", "Avatar", "Display"]> | null;
 }) {
   const actuallyFailed =
+    Boolean(message.ErrorType) ||
     (message.failed && message.MessageState === "awaiting") ||
     message.decryptionFailed;
 
@@ -65,7 +66,7 @@ function MessageComponent({
 
   // Message states
   const { load } = useStorage();
-  const { send } = useMTP();
+  const { send, sendSealedRelay } = useMTP();
   const [ownId, setOwnId] = useState(0);
   useEffect(() => {
     load("user_id").then(setOwnId);
@@ -73,22 +74,38 @@ function MessageComponent({
   const messageStateReadUpdate = useCallback(async () => {
     const readConfirmations = await load("settings.read_confirmations");
 
-    if (readConfirmations) {
-      if (!user?.UserId) return;
-
-      await send("MessageState", {
-        ChatPartnerId: user?.UserId,
-        SendTime: message.SendTime,
-        MessageState: "read",
-      });
-    } else {
-      await send("MessageState", {
-        ChatPartnerId: user?.UserId,
-        SendTime: message.SendTime,
-        MessageState: "received",
-      });
+    if (!user?.UserId || !message.RelayMessageId || ownId === 0) return;
+    const [ownIota, peerIota] = await Promise.all([
+      send("GetIotaData", { UserId: ownId }),
+      send("GetIotaData", { UserId: user.UserId }),
+    ]);
+    if (ownIota.type !== "GetIotaData" || peerIota.type !== "GetIotaData") {
+      throw new Error("Could not resolve an Iota for this receipt");
     }
-  }, [load, message.SendTime, user?.UserId, send]);
+    const response = await sendSealedRelay(
+      "MessageState",
+      {
+        ChatPartnerId: user.UserId,
+        RelayMessageId: message.RelayMessageId,
+        EventAt: Date.now(),
+        MessageState: readConfirmations ? "read" : "received",
+        ReceiverId: user.UserId,
+      },
+      {
+        nextHop: { kind: "iota", id: ownIota.data.IotaId },
+        finalRecipientId: user.UserId,
+        metadataRecipients: [
+          { value: ownIota.data.PublicKey, encoding: "base64" },
+          { value: peerIota.data.PublicKey, encoding: "base64" },
+        ],
+        contentRecipients: [
+          { value: ownIota.data.PublicKey, encoding: "base64" },
+          { value: peerIota.data.PublicKey, encoding: "base64" },
+        ],
+      },
+    );
+    requireRelaySuccess(response);
+  }, [load, message.RelayMessageId, ownId, send, sendSealedRelay, user]);
   useEffect(() => {
     if (message.SenderId === ownId || ownId === 0) return;
 
diff --git a/packages/chat/src/context.tsx b/packages/chat/src/context.tsx
index 5cf3535..d307a12 100644
--- a/packages/chat/src/context.tsx
+++ b/packages/chat/src/context.tsx
@@ -69,6 +69,14 @@ type MessageEdit = Partial<
   >
 >;
 
+const messageStateRank: Record<RawMessage["MessageState"], number> = {
+  awaiting: 0,
+  sending: 0,
+  sent: 1,
+  received: 2,
+  read: 3,
+};
+
 function updateMessagesBySendTime<T extends EditableMessage>(
   messages: T[],
   sendTime: number,
@@ -81,6 +89,13 @@ function updateMessagesBySendTime<T extends EditableMessage>(
       return item;
     }
 
+    if (
+      edit.MessageState !== undefined &&
+      messageStateRank[edit.MessageState] < messageStateRank[item.MessageState]
+    ) {
+      return item;
+    }
+
     const entries = Object.entries(edit) as Array<
       [keyof MessageEdit, MessageEdit[keyof MessageEdit]]
     >;
@@ -989,9 +1004,7 @@ export default function Provider({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) {
         );
         return;
       }
-      editMessage(data.SendTime, {
-        MessageState: data.MessageState,
-      });
+      editMessage(data.SendTime, { MessageState: data.MessageState });
     });
     return () => {
       unsubscribeEdit();
diff --git a/packages/notifications/src/context.tsx b/packages/notifications/src/context.tsx
index e0da277..ef80f33 100644
--- a/packages/notifications/src/context.tsx
+++ b/packages/notifications/src/context.tsx
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ async function requestNotificationPermission() {
 }
 
 export default function Provider(props: { children: React.ReactNode }) {
-  const { subscribe, send } = useMTP();
+  const { subscribe } = useMTP();
   const { load } = useStorage();
   const { get } = useUser();
   const { addLiveMessage, chatSecret, getChatSecret, userId } = useChat();
@@ -79,11 +79,6 @@ export default function Provider(props: { children: React.ReactNode }) {
             // todo: add notification symbol to conversation cards (incl. message start)
             moveUserIdToTop(data.SenderId);
 
-            if (await load("settings.receive_confirmations")) {
-              void send("MessageState", {
-                MessageState: "received",
-              });
-            }
           }
 
           const user = await get(data.SenderId, [
@@ -180,7 +175,6 @@ export default function Provider(props: { children: React.ReactNode }) {
     load,
     location.pathname,
     navigate,
-    send,
     moveUserIdToTop,
     subscribe,
     getChatSecret,
diff --git a/packages/shared/src/data.ts b/packages/shared/src/data.ts
index 4a64c80..e7d2c33 100644
--- a/packages/shared/src/data.ts
+++ b/packages/shared/src/data.ts
@@ -70,6 +70,7 @@ const callSecretEnvelopeRequest = z.object({
 export const Reaction = z.object({
   Reaction: z.string(),
   SenderId: z.number(),
+  RelayMessageId: z.string().optional(),
 });
 
 export const Message = z.object({
@@ -82,6 +83,8 @@ export const Message = z.object({
   Avatar: z.boolean().optional(),
   Display: z.boolean().optional(),
   ReplyId: z.number().optional(),
+  UpdatedAt: z.number().optional(),
+  ErrorType: z.string().optional(),
   MessageState: z
     .enum(["read", "received", "sent", "sending", "awaiting"]) // awaiting for 'internal' use
     .default("received"),
@@ -107,6 +110,7 @@ const authPayload = z.object({
     .array(
       z.object({
         LastMessageAt: z.number().default(0),
+        CreatedAt: z.number().optional(),
         UserId: z.number(),
         LastMessage: z
           .object({
@@ -397,17 +401,12 @@ export const mtp = {
     response: z.object({}),
   },
   MessageState: {
-    request: z
-      .object({
-        ChatPartnerId: z.number(),
-        SendTime: z.number(),
-        MessageState: Message.shape.MessageState,
-      })
-      .or(
-        z.object({
-          MessageState: Message.shape.MessageState,
-        }),
-      ),
+    request: z.object({
+      ChatPartnerId: z.number(),
+      RelayMessageId: z.string(),
+      EventAt: z.number(),
+      MessageState: z.enum(["received", "read"]),
+    }),
     response: z.object({
       ChatPartnerId: z.number(),
       MessageState: Message.shape.MessageState,